19-The Irony of Themistocles

Themistocles and his historians reflect a range of attitudes to language, identity and loyalty, thus giving us a sense of attitudes towards interpreters far back in time and memory. Themistocles was a rare example of a Greek who could speak a foreign language … This sense of a common tongue was the decisive criterion for determining who were Greeks. Herodotus …

18 – Cicero and Caesar on Interpreters

It is part of the working life of interpreters today that they are behind the scenes, most successful when unnoticed.  That invisibility can characterise the historical record too: the interpreters who are known to us are the exceptions; the others are an assumed presence.  That is certainly true of Ancient Rome.  Interpreters are rarely mentioned in documentary or epigraphic sources for …